Sample Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of nursing research?
To validate nursing theories
B. To improve patient care outcomes
C. To reduce the workload of nurses
D. To increase hospital revenue
Answer: B
Which type of research focuses on understanding human behavior?
Quantitative research
B. Qualitative research
C. Experimental research
D. Retrospective research
Answer: B
What is the role of a hypothesis in research?
To define the research problem
B. To summarize the findings
C. To test the relationship between variables
D. To replace the research question
Answer: C
What is the independent variable in a research study?
The variable being measured
B. The variable that remains constant
C. The variable that is manipulated
D. The variable influenced by the outcome
Answer: C
What is informed consent?
A document required for ethical approval
B. Agreement from participants to be part of the study
C. A statement explaining the research purpose
D. A method to recruit participants
Answer: B
Which research design is best for studying cause-and-effect relationships?
Case study
B. Cross-sectional study
C. Experimental design
D. Ethnographic design
Answer: C
What is the purpose of a literature review in research?
To find participants for the study
B. To identify gaps in existing knowledge
C. To write the study report
D. To test the hypothesis
Answer: B
What is the meaning of reliability in research?
The accuracy of the findings
B. The ability to measure consistently
C. The validity of the instruments
D. The feasibility of conducting the study
Answer: B
Which sampling method gives every individual an equal chance of selection?
Convenience sampling
B. Purposive sampling
C. Random sampling
D. Snowball sampling
Answer: C
What is a null hypothesis?
A hypothesis that predicts a positive outcome
B. A hypothesis that assumes no relationship exists
C. A hypothesis that must always be rejected
D. A hypothesis used in qualitative studies
Answer: B
What is the Belmont Report?
A guide for conducting statistical analysis
B. A report on healthcare policies
C. Ethical principles for protecting research participants
D. Guidelines for nursing education
Answer: C
Which phase involves the interpretation of data?
Planning phase
B. Data collection phase
C. Data analysis phase
D. Literature review phase
Answer: C
What does validity measure in a research study?
Consistency of the results
B. Generalizability of the findings
C. Accuracy of the tool or method
D. Feasibility of the study
Answer: C
What is an operational definition in research?
A dictionary-based definition of terms
B. A theoretical explanation of a concept
C. A detailed description of how variables are measured
D. A summary of findings
Answer: C
What is triangulation in research?
Using multiple theories in one study
B. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods
C. Selecting three independent variables
D. Applying three different statistical tests
Answer: B
Which is the first step in the research process?
Conducting a literature review
B. Defining the problem
C. Developing a hypothesis
D. Collecting data
Answer: B
Which qualitative research method focuses on lived experiences?
Grounded theory
B. Phenomenology
C. Ethnography
D. Historical research
Answer: B
What is the primary goal of evidence-based practice?
To reduce healthcare costs
B. To validate nursing traditions
C. To improve clinical decision-making
D. To prioritize experimental research
Answer: C
What does “generalizability” refer to in research?
The ability to apply findings to a larger population
B. The precision of data collection methods
C. The accuracy of statistical tests
D. The consistency of the results
Answer: A
What is a control group in an experimental study?
The group that receives no treatment
B. The group receiving the experimental treatment
C. The group with random participants
D. The group without variables
Answer: A
What is a pilot study?
A full-scale research project
B. A feasibility study conducted on a small scale
C. A theoretical framework test
D. A literature review step
Answer: B
Which type of study uses retrospective data?
Prospective study
B. Experimental study
C. Cross-sectional study
D. Case-control study
Answer: D
What is statistical significance?
The degree of accuracy in data collection
B. The likelihood that results occurred by chance
C. The size of the population sampled
D. The strength of the variables’ relationship
Answer: B
What is an ethical consideration in nursing research?
Maximizing sample size
B. Offering incentives for participation
C. Protecting participant confidentiality
D. Using complex data analysis
Answer: C
What is peer review?
A method of validating study results
B. A review conducted by research participants
C. An evaluation by experts in the field
D. A statistical analysis tool
Answer: C
What is an example of secondary data in research?
Data collected directly from participants
B. Information retrieved from medical records
C. Results from a newly designed survey
D. Interviews with patients
Answer: B
Which type of sampling is based on convenience?
Stratified sampling
B. Simple random sampling
C. Purposive sampling
D. Convenience sampling
Answer: D
What is blinding in research?
Withholding information from participants or researchers
B. Hiding the purpose of the study
C. Using anonymous surveys
D. Preventing participants from withdrawing
Answer: A
What is the primary focus of qualitative research?
Measuring numerical data
B. Understanding participants’ perspectives
C. Comparing experimental groups
D. Testing hypotheses
Answer: B
What is data saturation in qualitative research?
The point at which data analysis begins
B. The stage when no new themes emerge
C. The phase of finalizing the research report
D. The limit of data collection methods
Answer: B
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