Sample Questions and Answers
- Which of the following is the most common side effect of chemotherapy?
- A) Diarrhea
- B) Nausea and vomiting
- C) Pain
- D) Anemia
- Answer: B) Nausea and vomiting
- A patient with cancer is receiving radiation therapy. What is the nurse’s priority action?
- A) Monitor the patient’s vital signs.
- B) Assess the patient’s skin for radiation burns.
- C) Ensure the patient is well-hydrated.
- D) Administer antiemetics as prescribed.
- Answer: B) Assess the patient’s skin for radiation burns.
- A nurse is teaching a patient with cancer about chemotherapy. Which of the following should the nurse include?
- A) “You will need to avoid all physical activity during treatment.”
- B) “Chemotherapy can cause hair loss, but it is usually temporary.”
- C) “Chemotherapy will not affect your ability to work.”
- D) “You will not need to follow a special diet during treatment.”
- Answer: B) “Chemotherapy can cause hair loss, but it is usually temporary.”
- Which of the following is a common sign of radiation sickness?
- A) Severe headache
- B) Abdominal cramping
- C) Nausea and vomiting
- D) Sudden weight gain
- Answer: C) Nausea and vomiting
- A patient with cancer has a platelet count of 45,000/mm³. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A) Place the patient on strict bed rest.
- B) Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake.
- C) Monitor for signs of bleeding.
- D) Administer blood transfusions.
- Answer: C) Monitor for signs of bleeding.
- A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following is a priority nursing assessment?
- A) Respiratory rate
- B) Bowel function
- C) Blood pressure
- D) White blood cell count
- Answer: D) White blood cell count
- Which of the following chemotherapy side effects is associated with an increased risk of infection?
- A) Alopecia
- B) Nausea
- C) Neutropenia
- D) Fatigue
- Answer: C) Neutropenia
- What is the primary nursing concern for a patient receiving chemotherapy with a low white blood cell count?
- A) Risk for hemorrhage
- B) Risk for infection
- C) Risk for constipation
- D) Risk for dehydration
- Answer: B) Risk for infection
- A patient with cancer is experiencing pain. The nurse should assess for which of the following?
- A) Pain scale rating
- B) Appetite changes
- C) Bowel movements
- D) Skin temperature
- Answer: A) Pain scale rating
- A nurse is caring for a patient undergoing chemotherapy. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention to manage nausea?
- A) Administer antipyretics
- B) Encourage the patient to eat large meals.
- C) Offer ginger or peppermint tea.
- D) Increase the patient’s fluid intake to 3 liters per day.
- Answer: C) Offer ginger or peppermint tea.
- Which of the following findings would indicate a possible complication of a bone marrow suppression due to chemotherapy?
- A) Elevated white blood cell count
- B) Sudden weight gain
- C) Low hemoglobin level
- D) High platelet count
- Answer: C) Low hemoglobin level
- A patient is receiving external radiation therapy. The nurse should teach the patient to avoid which of the following?
- A) Exposure to sunlight
- B) Physical activity
- C) Taking warm baths
- D) Drinking cold beverages
- Answer: A) Exposure to sunlight
- Which of the following is an expected side effect of external radiation therapy?
- A) Hair loss in the treatment area
- B) Increased appetite
- C) Weight gain
- D) Decreased risk of infection
- Answer: A) Hair loss in the treatment area
- Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further teaching regarding chemotherapy side effects?
- A) “I may experience nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy.”
- B) “I should avoid people with infections during my treatment.”
- C) “I will be able to continue working without any changes.”
- D) “My hair may fall out, but it will grow back after treatment.”
- Answer: C) “I will be able to continue working without any changes.”
- Which of the following is the most common symptom of leukemia?
- A) Fatigue
- B) Weight gain
- C) Night sweats
- D) Difficulty breathing
- Answer: A) Fatigue
- A nurse is assessing a patient with metastatic cancer. Which of the following findings is most concerning?
- A) Pain localized to the affected area
- B) New onset of shortness of breath
- C) Decreased appetite
- D) Fatigue
- Answer: B) New onset of shortness of breath
- Which of the following lab results would be most concerning for a patient receiving chemotherapy?
- A) Hemoglobin 10 g/dL
- B) Platelet count of 30,000/mm³
- C) Sodium level 137 mEq/L
- D) Potassium level 4.0 mEq/L
- Answer: B) Platelet count of 30,000/mm³
- A patient with breast cancer is undergoing chemotherapy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to manage fatigue?
- A) Encourage the patient to increase physical activity.
- B) Suggest the patient take afternoon naps.
- C) Offer frequent small meals to improve energy levels.
- D) Limit the patient’s fluid intake to reduce fatigue.
- Answer: B) Suggest the patient take afternoon naps.
- A patient with cancer has developed superior vena cava syndrome. Which of the following symptoms is most likely?
- A) Swelling of the face and neck
- B) Severe abdominal pain
- C) Difficulty swallowing
- D) Diarrhea
- Answer: A) Swelling of the face and neck
- A patient with cancer asks the nurse about ways to cope with anxiety. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?
- A) “You should try to avoid thinking about your diagnosis.”
- B) “It’s helpful to talk with other patients who have cancer.”
- C) “You should avoid any physical activity to prevent stress.”
- D) “Anxiety is a normal part of treatment and should be ignored.”
- Answer: B) “It’s helpful to talk with other patients who have cancer.”
- Which of the following should be included in a nurse’s assessment of a patient receiving chemotherapy?
- A) Nutritional status
- B) Eye color
- C) Urine output
- D) Urinary retention
- Answer: A) Nutritional status
- A patient is receiving chemotherapy and develops mucositis. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?
- A) Administer pain medication as prescribed.
- B) Encourage the patient to avoid all oral care.
- C) Offer hot liquids to soothe the mouth.
- D) Recommend chewing gum to stimulate saliva production.
- Answer: A) Administer pain medication as prescribed.
- A nurse is caring for a patient with a newly diagnosed cancer. Which of the following is most important to include in the patient’s plan of care?
- A) Educating the patient about the prognosis
- B) Assessing the patient’s coping strategies
- C) Reassuring the patient that treatment will be effective
- D) Encouraging the patient to avoid all social interactions
- Answer: B) Assessing the patient’s coping strategies
- Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?
- A) Ondansetron
- B) Dantrolene
- C) Prednisone
- D) Lorazepam
- Answer: A) Ondansetron
- A patient undergoing radiation therapy reports feeling tired and fatigued. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?
- A) Encourage the patient to take regular naps.
- B) Increase the patient’s physical activity level.
- C) Discourage the patient from resting.
- D) Restrict the patient’s intake of fluids.
- Answer: A) Encourage the patient to take regular naps.
- A nurse is caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following would be most concerning?
- A) Complaints of mild nausea
- B) WBC count of 3,000/mm³
- C) Diarrhea
- D) Mild hair loss
- Answer: B) WBC count of 3,000/mm³
- A nurse is providing care for a patient with cancer experiencing severe pain. Which of the following is a priority?
- A) Administer prescribed analgesics as needed.
- B) Encourage the patient to engage in physical therapy.
- C) Discuss alternative therapies before providing medications.
- D) Offer spiritual counseling to address emotional distress.
- Answer: A) Administer prescribed analgesics as needed.
- Which of the following is the most appropriate action for a nurse caring for a patient with terminal cancer?
- A) Focus solely on the patient’s physical symptoms.
- B) Emphasize curative treatments over palliative care.
- C) Provide comfort measures to alleviate suffering.
- D) Avoid discussions about end-of-life care.
- Answer: C) Provide comfort measures to alleviate suffering.
- A nurse is caring for a patient with lung cancer who is receiving palliative care. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to address pain management?
- A) Administer opioid analgesics regularly as prescribed.
- B) Offer herbal supplements to reduce discomfort.
- C) Encourage the patient to endure the pain.
- D) Limit fluid intake to reduce discomfort.
- Answer: A) Administer opioid analgesics regularly as prescribed.
- Which of the following is an early warning sign of cancer?
- A) Unexplained weight loss
- B) Fever and chills
- C) Leg swelling
- D) Loss of appetite
- Answer: A) Unexplained weight loss
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