Sample Questions and Answers
Which of the following glands produces insulin?
A) Thyroid
B) Pancreas
C) Pituitary
D) Adrenal
Answer: B) Pancreas
What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
A) Regulate metabolism
B) Secrete hormones that regulate the pituitary gland
C) Control blood sugar levels
D) Control body temperature
Answer: B) Secrete hormones that regulate the pituitary gland
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine (T4)
C) Cortisol
D) Prolactin
Answer: B) Thyroxine (T4)
Which hormone is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress?
A) Estrogen
B) Testosterone
C) Cortisol
D) Oxytocin
Answer: C) Cortisol
Which of the following is a function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A) Stimulates milk production
B) Increases water reabsorption in the kidneys
C) Stimulates uterine contractions
D) Increases blood glucose levels
Answer: B) Increases water reabsorption in the kidneys
What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
A) Regulate calcium levels in the blood
B) Stimulate milk production
C) Increase glucose uptake by cells
D) Regulate the menstrual cycle
Answer: A) Regulate calcium levels in the blood
Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland?
A) Melatonin
B) Estrogen
C) Progesterone
D) Cortisol
Answer: A) Melatonin
Which of the following glands secretes adrenaline (epinephrine)?
A) Pineal gland
B) Pituitary gland
C) Adrenal glands
D) Thyroid gland
Answer: C) Adrenal glands
The hormone aldosterone helps to regulate which of the following?
A) Blood glucose levels
B) Blood pressure
C) Milk production
D) Immune function
Answer: B) Blood pressure
Which gland produces growth hormone (GH)?
A) Pineal gland
B) Adrenal glands
C) Pituitary gland
D) Thyroid gland
Answer: C) Pituitary gland
What is the primary effect of insulin?
A) Stimulate red blood cell production
B) Lower blood glucose levels
C) Increase blood calcium levels
D) Stimulate digestion
Answer: B) Lower blood glucose levels
Which of the following is a function of the thyroid gland?
A) Regulation of water balance
B) Regulation of metabolism
C) Regulation of calcium balance
D) Production of cortisol
Answer: B) Regulation of metabolism
Which hormone does the adrenal medulla secrete?
A) Insulin
B) Cortisol
C) Epinephrine
D) Thyroxine
Answer: C) Epinephrine
The function of the hormone oxytocin is primarily to:
A) Stimulate uterine contractions during labor
B) Regulate calcium homeostasis
C) Promote glucose uptake
D) Control body temperature
Answer: A) Stimulate uterine contractions during labor
Which of the following is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Somatostatin
Answer: A) Insulin
Which of the following is released by the anterior pituitary gland?
A) Oxytocin
B) Prolactin
C) Antidiuretic hormone
D) Melatonin
Answer: B) Prolactin
Which hormone is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?
A) Insulin
B) Epinephrine
C) Thyroxine
D) Estrogen
Answer: B) Epinephrine
Which gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?
A) Pineal gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Pituitary gland
D) Parathyroid gland
Answer: C) Pituitary gland
What is the main function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
A) Stimulate the release of thyroid hormones
B) Increase blood calcium levels
C) Stimulate milk production
D) Promote growth in children
Answer: A) Stimulate the release of thyroid hormones
Which of the following is NOT a function of cortisol?
A) Promote gluconeogenesis
B) Reduce inflammation
C) Regulate blood pressure
D) Stimulate the production of red blood cells
Answer: D) Stimulate the production of red blood cells
Which of the following hormones is involved in regulating the menstrual cycle?
A) Prolactin
B) Estrogen
C) Thyroxine
D) Growth hormone
Answer: B) Estrogen
Which organ is responsible for the secretion of glucagon?
A) Kidneys
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Adrenal glands
Answer: C) Pancreas
What is the effect of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)?
A) Increase heart rate
B) Decrease metabolic rate
C) Promote digestion
D) Regulate calcium levels
Answer: A) Increase heart rate
Which of the following is a function of prolactin?
A) Stimulate milk production
B) Regulate calcium metabolism
C) Increase water retention
D) Regulate stress response
Answer: A) Stimulate milk production
Which of the following hormones regulates sodium and potassium balance?
A) Insulin
B) Aldosterone
C) Progesterone
D) Parathyroid hormone
Answer: B) Aldosterone
Which hormone stimulates the release of eggs from the ovaries?
A) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
B) Estrogen
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin
Answer: A) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What is the role of thymosin?
A) Stimulate the production of red blood cells
B) Regulate the immune system
C) Control metabolism
D) Promote bone growth
Answer: B) Regulate the immune system
Which of the following hormones is primarily involved in the regulation of blood calcium levels?
A) Thyroxine
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Growth hormone
D) Insulin
Answer: B) Parathyroid hormone
What is the main function of the hormone leptin?
A) Control appetite and energy balance
B) Regulate blood glucose levels
C) Stimulate uterine contractions
D) Control circadian rhythms
Answer: A) Control appetite and energy balance
What type of hormone is aldosterone?
A) Glucocorticoid
B) Mineralocorticoid
C) Catecholamine
D) Androgen
Answer: B) Mineralocorticoid
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