Sample Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal in the nursing management of pneumonia?
A) Pain relief
B) Oxygenation and ventilation
C) Preventing fluid overload
D) Preventing aspiration
Answer: B) Oxygenation and ventilation
Which of the following is a common sign of pneumonia in older adults?
A) High fever
B) Chest pain
C) Altered mental status
D) Severe cough
Answer: C) Altered mental status
A nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
A) Administering antibiotics
B) Monitoring oxygen saturation levels
C) Encouraging deep breathing exercises
D) Administering pain medication
Answer: B) Monitoring oxygen saturation levels
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing pneumonia?
A) Smoking
B) Regular exercise
C) Adequate hydration
D) Low-fat diet
Answer: A) Smoking
A nurse is teaching a patient with pneumonia about medication management. The nurse should instruct the patient to:
A) Complete the prescribed course of antibiotics even if feeling better.
B) Stop taking antibiotics once fever resolves.
C) Take antibiotics with food to reduce nausea.
D) Skip doses if the patient feels well.
Answer: A) Complete the prescribed course of antibiotics even if feeling better.
Which of the following would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with pneumonia?
A) Impaired gas exchange
B) Risk for falls
C) Acute pain
D) Deficient knowledge
Answer: A) Impaired gas exchange
The nurse should assess a patient with pneumonia for which of the following complications?
A) Pulmonary embolism
B) Acute renal failure
C) Gastrointestinal bleeding
D) Myocardial infarction
Answer: A) Pulmonary embolism
A patient with pneumonia is receiving oxygen therapy. The nurse should monitor for which potential complication?
A) Oxygen toxicity
B) Hypoventilation
C) Hyperthermia
D) Skin irritation
Answer: A) Oxygen toxicity
Which of the following is a common symptom of pneumonia in children?
A) Cyanosis
B) Excessive thirst
C) Lethargy and irritability
D) Vomiting
Answer: C) Lethargy and irritability
Which action should a nurse take when administering antibiotics to a patient with pneumonia?
A) Ensure that antibiotics are given before meals to improve absorption.
B) Administer antibiotics after the blood culture is collected.
C) Give antibiotics only if the patient has a fever above 102°F.
D) Administer antibiotics with high doses of acetaminophen.
Answer: B) Administer antibiotics after the blood culture is collected.
The nurse should educate the patient with pneumonia about the importance of:
A) Limiting fluid intake to avoid swelling.
B) Maintaining a high-calorie, low-protein diet.
C) Resting and avoiding physical activity until recovery.
D) Discontinuing medications once symptoms subside.
Answer: C) Resting and avoiding physical activity until recovery.
A nurse is preparing to assess a patient with pneumonia. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize?
A) Blood pressure measurement
B) Respiratory rate and effort
C) Blood glucose levels
D) Urine output
Answer: B) Respiratory rate and effort
In pneumonia, which diagnostic test is most commonly used to identify the causative organism?
A) Chest X-ray
B) Sputum culture
C) Blood culture
D) Complete blood count (CBC)
Answer: B) Sputum culture
The nurse should instruct the patient with pneumonia to increase fluid intake primarily to:
A) Prevent dehydration
B) Promote expectoration of mucus
C) Lower blood pressure
D) Dilute the antibiotics
Answer: B) Promote expectoration of mucus
A nurse is assessing a patient with pneumonia. Which of the following findings would suggest hypoxia?
A) Increased urinary output
B) Respiratory rate of 16 breaths/min
C) Oxygen saturation of 88%
D) Normal breath sounds
Answer: C) Oxygen saturation of 88%
A nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. The nurse should monitor for signs of:
A) Decreased appetite
B) Fluid overload
C) Acute pain
D) Blood clots
Answer: B) Fluid overload
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with pneumonia?
A) Encourage shallow breathing exercises.
B) Provide frequent small meals and encourage hydration.
C) Limit oxygen therapy to 1–2 liters per minute.
D) Restrict fluid intake to prevent edema.
Answer: B) Provide frequent small meals and encourage hydration.
Which of the following interventions would help prevent pneumonia in high-risk patients?
A) Administering the flu vaccine
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Reducing the patient’s physical activity
D) Maintaining a low-protein diet
Answer: A) Administering the flu vaccine
A patient with pneumonia has a productive cough. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to assess?
A) The color and amount of sputum
B) The presence of fever
C) The frequency of coughing
D) The patient’s activity level
Answer: A) The color and amount of sputum
Which of the following is a priority intervention for a patient with pneumonia and hypoxia?
A) Administering antipyretics
B) Positioning the patient to improve ventilation
C) Encouraging fluid intake
D) Providing pain relief
Answer: B) Positioning the patient to improve ventilation
The nurse should monitor a patient receiving corticosteroids for pneumonia for signs of:
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypotension
D) Dehydration
Answer: A) Hyperglycemia
A nurse is caring for a patient with bacterial pneumonia. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for this patient?
A) Encourage the patient to stop antibiotics once fever resolves.
B) Monitor for signs of antibiotic resistance.
C) Administer antipyretics for fever relief.
D) Restrict oxygen therapy to prevent complications.
Answer: B) Monitor for signs of antibiotic resistance.
Which of the following assessments is most critical in the first 24 hours for a patient admitted with pneumonia?
A) Skin integrity
B) Renal function
C) Respiratory status
D) Electrolyte balance
Answer: C) Respiratory status
A patient with pneumonia develops pleuritic chest pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
A) Administer a narcotic analgesic
B) Apply heat to the chest area
C) Teach the patient to splint the chest with a pillow while coughing
D) Encourage deep breathing exercises
Answer: C) Teach the patient to splint the chest with a pillow while coughing
The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia and is monitoring vital signs. Which of the following changes would indicate the patient is deteriorating?
A) Increased heart rate and decreased respiratory rate
B) Increased respiratory rate and decreased oxygen saturation
C) Decreased heart rate and increased blood pressure
D) Decreased respiratory rate and stable blood pressure
Answer: B) Increased respiratory rate and decreased oxygen saturation
A nurse is educating a patient about the symptoms of pneumonia. Which of the following should the nurse include?
A) Nausea and vomiting
B) Sudden sharp chest pain and shallow breathing
C) Dry, non-productive cough
D) Fatigue, chills, and productive cough
Answer: D) Fatigue, chills, and productive cough
Which of the following is an appropriate long-term prevention strategy for patients at high risk for pneumonia?
A) Regular use of corticosteroids
B) Annual flu vaccination
C) Increased physical activity
D) Limited fluid intake
Answer: B) Annual flu vaccination
A nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which of the following indicates the patient is responding to treatment?
A) Increased sputum production
B) Decreased respiratory rate
C) Improved oxygen saturation levels
D) Increased body temperature
Answer: C) Improved oxygen saturation levels
A nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which of the following interventions should be implemented to improve lung expansion?
A) Frequent positioning changes
B) Increased fluid intake
C) Bed rest
D) High-protein diet
Answer: A) Frequent positioning changes
A nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which of the following interventions is the most important to include in the nursing care plan?
A) Encourage the patient to remain on bed rest.
B) Monitor for signs of respiratory distress.
C) Provide large, infrequent meals to prevent fatigue.
D) Limit fluid intake to prevent fluid overload.
Answer: B) Monitor for signs of respiratory distress
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