Sample Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true about the structure of a nucleotide?
A nucleotide contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
B. A nucleotide contains two fatty acids and a glycerol group.
C. A nucleotide contains a protein and a nucleic acid.
D. A nucleotide contains an amino acid and a carbohydrate.
Answer: A
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
0
B. 7
C. 14
D. 3
Answer: B
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?
They are biological catalysts.
B. They increase the activation energy of a reaction.
C. They speed up chemical reactions.
D. They are not consumed in the reaction.
Answer: B
What type of bond holds the two strands of a DNA molecule together?
Ionic bonds
B. Hydrogen bonds
C. Covalent bonds
D. Peptide bonds
Answer: B
Which of the following is the most abundant element in living organisms?
Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. Carbon
D. Hydrogen
Answer: C
What is the function of carbohydrates in the human body?
Provide energy
B. Store genetic information
C. Catalyze chemical reactions
D. Store oxygen
Answer: A
Which of the following is the building block of nucleic acids?
Amino acids
B. Fatty acids
C. Nucleotides
D. Glucose
Answer: C
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in protein synthesis?
Transcription → Translation → Replication
B. Replication → Transcription → Translation
C. Translation → Replication → Transcription
D. Transcription → Replication → Translation
Answer: B
Which of the following is a property of a strong acid?
It dissociates partially in water.
B. It dissociates completely in water.
C. It has a pH of 7.
D. It is non-corrosive.
Answer: B
In which organelle does cellular respiration occur?
Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: B
What is the function of cholesterol in cell membranes?
Provides structure and stability
B. Stores energy
C. Transports proteins
D. Catalyzes chemical reactions
Answer: A
Which of the following molecules is a polysaccharide?
Sucrose
B. Glucose
C. Starch
D. Fructose
Answer: C
What is the primary purpose of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?
To produce oxygen
B. To convert glucose into ATP
C. To fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules
D. To break down water
Answer: C
Which of the following is a feature of a lipid molecule?
It contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
B. It is soluble in water.
C. It is used for energy storage and cell membrane structure.
D. It is composed of amino acids.
Answer: C
Which of the following is true about saturated fatty acids?
They have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms.
B. They are liquid at room temperature.
C. They contain no double bonds between carbon atoms.
D. They are found in plant oils.
Answer: C
What is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?
Produce energy
B. Synthesize proteins
C. Store genetic information
D. Transport molecules
Answer: B
Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?
Water
B. Glucose
C. DNA
D. Protein
Answer: A
What is the product of the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?
Two monosaccharides
B. One monosaccharide and one fatty acid
C. One amino acid and one nucleotide
D. Two nucleotides
Answer: A
Which of the following molecules are involved in the transfer of electrons during cellular respiration?
NAD+ and NADH
B. ATP and ADP
C. CO2 and O2
D. Glucose and fructose
Answer: A
What is the main component of the cell wall in plants?
Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Chitin
D. Glycogen
Answer: B
What is the main function of DNA in cells?
Synthesize proteins
B. Store genetic information
C. Provide energy
D. Catalyze chemical reactions
Answer: B
What type of bond holds the atoms together in a molecule of water (H2O)?
Ionic bond
B. Covalent bond
C. Hydrogen bond
D. Metallic bond
Answer: B
Which of the following types of molecules are enzymes classified as?
Nucleic acids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Lipids
Answer: C
What is the process of converting glucose into ATP called?
Photosynthesis
B. Glycolysis
C. Fermentation
D. Cellular respiration
Answer: D
What is the role of ATP in the cell?
To store genetic information
B. To provide energy for cellular processes
C. To transport proteins across membranes
D. To act as a structural component of the cell
Answer: B
Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?
Sucrose
B. Starch
C. Fructose
D. Lactose
Answer: C
What is the process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells?
Meiosis
B. Mitosis
C. Binary fission
D. Transcription
Answer: B
Which of the following is the main function of proteins in the body?
Provide long-term energy storage
B. Form the structure of cell membranes
C. Catalyze chemical reactions
D. Store genetic information
Answer: C
What is the pH range of an acidic solution?
0–7
B. 7–14
C. 0–14
D. 3–6
Answer: A
What is the result of a dehydration synthesis reaction?
Two smaller molecules are joined together with the release of water.
B. A larger molecule is broken down into smaller molecules.
C. Two molecules are joined by hydrogen bonds.
D. Water is absorbed from the reaction.
Answer: A
Which of the following elements is commonly found in organic molecules?
Carbon
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
B. C12H24O12
C. C6H6O6
D. C8H16O8
Answer: A
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