Sample Questions and Answers
What role does Azure Firewall play in securing Azure environments?
A) Provides a stateful, fully managed network firewall service
B) Manages encryption keys
C) Controls Azure AD user roles
D) Automates patch deployment
Answer: A) Provides a stateful, fully managed network firewall service
Explanation: Azure Firewall controls and filters network traffic.
How can you protect sensitive data in Azure SQL Database using encryption?
A) Use Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
B) Use NSG rules
C) Enable Azure Firewall
D) Use Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Use Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
Explanation: TDE encrypts data at rest transparently.
Which Azure service provides integrated threat intelligence for identifying known malicious IP addresses?
A) Azure Firewall Threat Intelligence-based filtering
B) Azure Policy
C) Azure Key Vault
D) Azure AD Identity Protection
Answer: A) Azure Firewall Threat Intelligence-based filtering
Explanation: It blocks traffic from malicious IPs using Microsoft threat intelligence.
What is the primary use of Azure AD Identity Protection?
A) Detecting potential vulnerabilities affecting user identities
B) Encrypting storage accounts
C) Managing VM network traffic
D) Automating patching of VMs
Answer: A) Detecting potential vulnerabilities affecting user identities
Explanation: Identity Protection analyzes risks and provides mitigation recommendations.
You want to secure your Azure Virtual Machines by restricting inbound RDP and SSH access to specific IP ranges. What should you configure?
A) Network Security Group (NSG) inbound rules
B) Azure Firewall policies
C) Azure Policy definitions
D) Azure Key Vault access policies
Answer: A) Network Security Group (NSG) inbound rules
Explanation: NSGs control inbound and outbound traffic at VM NIC or subnet level.
What Azure service can you use to centrally manage and control user access to Azure resources?
A) Azure Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
B) Azure Security Center
C) Azure Sentinel
D) Azure Monitor
Answer: A) Azure Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Explanation: RBAC allows assigning precise permissions to users and groups.
What feature allows you to assign a time-limited privileged role in Azure AD?
A) Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Conditional Access
C) Azure AD Connect
D) Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
Explanation: PIM supports just-in-time privileged role activation.
Which Azure feature allows you to encrypt data in transit between clients and Azure services?
A) Transport Layer Security (TLS)
B) Azure Key Vault
C) Azure Policy
D) Network Security Groups
Answer: A) Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Explanation: TLS secures communications over the network.
How can you ensure all Azure resources comply with your company’s security standards?
A) Use Azure Policy assignments and compliance reports
B) Enable Azure Firewall
C) Use Azure Sentinel alerts
D) Use Azure AD Identity Protection
Answer: A) Use Azure Policy assignments and compliance reports
Explanation: Azure Policy enforces and reports compliance with standards.
You want to protect your Azure storage account from public internet access but still allow access from your on-premises network. What should you do?
A) Configure storage firewall rules to allow on-premises IP ranges
B) Enable Azure Firewall on the storage account
C) Use Azure Policy to deny public access
D) Use Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Configure storage firewall rules to allow on-premises IP ranges
Explanation: Storage firewall rules restrict access based on IP addresses.
Which tool allows you to investigate suspicious activity in Azure AD sign-in logs?
A) Azure AD Sign-ins and Audit Logs in the Azure Portal
B) Azure Security Center
C) Azure Firewall logs
D) Azure Monitor metrics
Answer: A) Azure AD Sign-ins and Audit Logs in the Azure Portal
Explanation: These logs provide detailed information about user sign-in events.
What is the function of Azure AD Access Reviews?
A) Periodically review and certify user access to resources
B) Encrypt sensitive user data
C) Control network access
D) Automate patch management
Answer: A) Periodically review and certify user access to resources
Explanation: Helps maintain least privilege access by reviewing permissions regularly.
How does Azure Security Center help with threat detection?
A) It analyzes security data to detect anomalies and potential threats
B) It encrypts virtual machine disks
C) It configures firewall rules automatically
D) It manages user identities
Answer: A) It analyzes security data to detect anomalies and potential threats
Explanation: It uses analytics and threat intelligence to detect suspicious activity.
What is the benefit of using Azure Private Link?
A) Provides private connectivity to Azure PaaS services over a private IP address
B) Encrypts data at rest
C) Monitors user activities
D) Controls identity access
Answer: A) Provides private connectivity to Azure PaaS services over a private IP address
Explanation: Private Link ensures traffic stays within your virtual network.
You want to automatically block user sign-ins from countries that your company does not operate in. Which feature can help?
A) Azure AD Conditional Access location-based policies
B) Azure Policy
C) Azure Firewall
D) Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Azure AD Conditional Access location-based policies
Explanation: These policies allow blocking or allowing access by geographic location.
Which Azure service is best suited for automated security incident response?
A) Azure Sentinel SOAR playbooks
B) Azure Security Center compliance reports
C) Azure Policy
D) Azure Monitor
Answer: A) Azure Sentinel SOAR playbooks
Explanation: SOAR automates response workflows for detected incidents.
Which encryption method protects data at rest in Azure Storage accounts?
A) Server-side encryption with Microsoft-managed keys (SSE)
B) Transport Layer Security (TLS)
C) Azure Firewall encryption
D) Azure AD encryption
Answer: A) Server-side encryption with Microsoft-managed keys (SSE)
Explanation: SSE encrypts stored data automatically.
How can you restrict Azure role assignments to only a specific subset of resources?
A) Assign RBAC roles with a scope limited to resource groups or resources
B) Use Azure Firewall rules
C) Configure NSG rules
D) Use Azure Policy
Answer: A) Assign RBAC roles with a scope limited to resource groups or resources
Explanation: RBAC roles can be scoped to subscription, resource group, or resource levels.
Which Azure feature can you use to monitor and enforce security best practices across multiple subscriptions?
A) Azure Security Center standard tier
B) Azure Policy
C) Azure Sentinel
D) Azure Monitor
Answer: A) Azure Security Center standard tier
Explanation: The standard tier provides advanced security management and threat protection across subscriptions.
You need to audit all access to sensitive data in Azure Blob Storage. Which feature should you enable?
A) Azure Storage Analytics logs
B) Azure Firewall logs
C) Azure Monitor metrics
D) Azure AD Sign-in logs
Answer: A) Azure Storage Analytics logs
Explanation: Storage Analytics logs provide detailed records of read, write, and delete operations.
What is the best way to protect credentials used by applications running in Azure?
A) Use Azure Managed Identities
B) Store credentials in environment variables
C) Hardcode secrets in application code
D) Use Azure Policy
Answer: A) Use Azure Managed Identities
Explanation: Managed Identities allow applications to authenticate securely without storing credentials.
How can you ensure that all virtual machines have the latest security patches?
A) Use Azure Update Management solution
B) Enable Azure Security Center
C) Apply Azure Policy to restrict unpatched VMs
D) Use Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Use Azure Update Management solution
Explanation: Update Management automates patch deployment across VMs.
Which Azure AD feature allows you to enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) only when certain risk conditions are met?
A) Conditional Access with risk-based policies
B) Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
C) Azure AD Access Reviews
D) Azure Policy
Answer: A) Conditional Access with risk-based policies
Explanation: You can require MFA based on sign-in risk levels.
To restrict access to an Azure SQL Database only from specific IP addresses, you should configure:
A) Firewall rules on the Azure SQL Server
B) NSG rules on the database subnet
C) Azure Policy
D) Azure Firewall
Answer: A) Firewall rules on the Azure SQL Server
Explanation: Azure SQL Server has built-in firewall rules to restrict IP addresses.
What is the primary function of Azure Blueprints?
A) To define and deploy a repeatable set of Azure resources with governance
B) To monitor network traffic
C) To create backups of Azure resources
D) To automate VM patching
Answer: A) To define and deploy a repeatable set of Azure resources with governance
Explanation: Blueprints help deploy compliant environments quickly.
Which Azure service should you use to detect and respond to brute force attempts on your Azure AD accounts?
A) Azure AD Identity Protection
B) Azure Firewall
C) Azure Security Center
D) Azure Policy
Answer: A) Azure AD Identity Protection
Explanation: It analyzes sign-in behavior to detect risky attempts.
You want to block outbound traffic from your Azure virtual network except for specific allowed endpoints. Which solution is best?
A) Azure Firewall with application rules
B) Network Security Group (NSG) outbound rules
C) Azure Policy
D) Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Azure Firewall with application rules
Explanation: Azure Firewall can filter outbound traffic by application and IP.
Which feature helps you ensure encryption keys are properly managed and rotated in Azure?
A) Azure Key Vault key rotation policies
B) Azure Policy enforcement
C) Azure Security Center
D) Azure Firewall
Answer: A) Azure Key Vault key rotation policies
Explanation: Key Vault supports automatic and manual key rotation.
What is the recommended method to secure communications between Azure App Services and backend APIs?
A) Use managed identities and Azure AD authentication
B) Store API keys in app settings
C) Use IP whitelisting only
D) Use Azure Firewall
Answer: A) Use managed identities and Azure AD authentication
Explanation: Managed identities enable secure token-based authentication.
What is a benefit of using Azure Defender for SQL?
A) Provides advanced threat protection including vulnerability assessments
B) Encrypts SQL data at rest only
C) Creates backups of SQL databases
D) Controls network traffic to SQL servers
Answer: A) Provides advanced threat protection including vulnerability assessments
Explanation: Azure Defender detects threats and provides security recommendations.
How does Azure Monitor help in security operations?
A) Collects and analyzes logs and metrics for monitoring and alerting
B) Encrypts data in transit
C) Controls access to Azure resources
D) Automates patch management
Answer: A) Collects and analyzes logs and metrics for monitoring and alerting
Explanation: Monitor gathers telemetry for proactive threat detection.
To ensure only devices compliant with Intune policies can access Azure resources, you should use:
A) Conditional Access policies requiring compliant devices
B) Azure Policy
C) Azure Firewall
D) Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Conditional Access policies requiring compliant devices
Explanation: Conditional Access can enforce device compliance for access.
What is the purpose of Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)?
A) Manage, control, and monitor access to important resources with just-in-time privileges
B) Encrypt data at rest
C) Block malicious IP addresses
D) Automate security patching
Answer: A) Manage, control, and monitor access to important resources with just-in-time privileges
Explanation: PIM enforces least privilege access via time-limited roles.
Which tool can help investigate an alert generated by Azure Security Center?
A) Azure Sentinel investigation graph
B) Azure Policy compliance report
C) Azure Firewall logs
D) Azure Key Vault access policies
Answer: A) Azure Sentinel investigation graph
Explanation: Sentinel allows deep investigation of alerts and incidents.
What does Azure Disk Encryption use to protect data on Azure VMs?
A) BitLocker for Windows and DM-Crypt for Linux
B) Azure Firewall
C) Azure Key Vault exclusively
D) Azure Policy
Answer: A) BitLocker for Windows and DM-Crypt for Linux
Explanation: Azure Disk Encryption leverages OS-level encryption technologies.
You want to automate remediation of non-compliant Azure resources. Which Azure feature should you use?
A) Azure Policy with remediation tasks
B) Azure Security Center
C) Azure Firewall
D) Azure Sentinel
Answer: A) Azure Policy with remediation tasks
Explanation: Policies can trigger automatic remediation for configuration drift.
What role does Azure AD Connect play in securing Azure environments?
A) Synchronizes on-premises identities to Azure AD
B) Encrypts Azure Storage data
C) Controls firewall rules
D) Automates VM patching
Answer: A) Synchronizes on-premises identities to Azure AD
Explanation: It helps maintain hybrid identity for secure access.
How do Azure Application Gateway’s Web Application Firewall (WAF) capabilities enhance security?
A) Protects web applications from common vulnerabilities and attacks
B) Encrypts data at rest
C) Manages user access
D) Controls VM network traffic
Answer: A) Protects web applications from common vulnerabilities and attacks
Explanation: WAF inspects HTTP traffic to block threats like SQL injection.
To protect an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster, what security practice is recommended?
A) Enable Azure Defender for Kubernetes and configure network policies
B) Use Azure Firewall only
C) Use NSGs on the AKS subnet only
D) Disable RBAC in AKS
Answer: A) Enable Azure Defender for Kubernetes and configure network policies
Explanation: Defender monitors threats and network policies limit access.
What is the advantage of using Azure Security Benchmark?
A) Provides a set of best practices and controls aligned with compliance standards
B) Automates patching of VMs
C) Manages encryption keys
D) Controls network traffic
Answer: A) Provides a set of best practices and controls aligned with compliance standards
Explanation: It guides organizations to secure Azure workloads.
Which Azure feature allows you to secure access to storage accounts by requiring secure transfer?
A) Enable “Secure transfer required” setting on storage accounts
B) Configure NSGs
C) Use Azure Firewall
D) Enable Azure AD Multi-Factor Authentication
Answer: A) Enable “Secure transfer required” setting on storage accounts
Explanation: This forces HTTPS connections to storage.
What is the purpose of Azure AD B2B collaboration?
A) To securely share applications and services with guest users from other organizations
B) To manage VM network traffic
C) To encrypt data at rest
D) To automate backup of Azure resources
Answer: A) To securely share applications and services with guest users from other organizations
Explanation: B2B collaboration supports secure cross-organization access.
Which Azure service helps identify vulnerabilities and misconfigurations in your Azure resources?
A) Azure Security Center vulnerability assessment
B) Azure Monitor logs
C) Azure Firewall
D) Azure AD Identity Protection
Answer: A) Azure Security Center vulnerability assessment
Explanation: It scans resources for security risks and vulnerabilities.
How can you secure Azure Logic Apps to prevent unauthorized access?
A) Use managed identities and IP restrictions
B) Use Azure Policy
C) Use Azure Sentinel alerts
D) Configure Azure Firewall only
Answer: A) Use managed identities and IP restrictions
Explanation: Managed identities enable secure API access, and IP restrictions limit connectivity.
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