Sample Questions and Answers
What is the basic contractile unit of a muscle?
a) Myofilament
b) Sarcomere
c) Myofibril
d) Muscle fiber
Answer: b) Sarcomere
Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
a) Striated and voluntary
b) Non-striated and involuntary
c) Striated and involuntary
d) Non-striated and voluntary
Answer: b) Non-striated and involuntary
Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movement?
a) Cardiac muscle
b) Skeletal muscle
c) Smooth muscle
d) All muscle tissues
Answer: b) Skeletal muscle
What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?
a) Block the actin binding sites
b) Stimulate ATP production
c) Bind to troponin and expose actin binding sites
d) Break down acetylcholine
Answer: c) Bind to troponin and expose actin binding sites
Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?
a) Movement of the body
b) Maintenance of posture
c) Production of heat
d) Secretion of hormones
Answer: d) Secretion of hormones
What is the term for the muscle’s ability to respond to stimuli?
a) Contractility
b) Excitability
c) Extensibility
d) Elasticity
Answer: b) Excitability
Which protein is primarily responsible for muscle contraction?
a) Actin
b) Myosin
c) Tropomyosin
d) Troponin
Answer: b) Myosin
What is the primary energy source for muscle contractions during short bursts of activity?
a) ATP
b) Glycogen
c) Oxygen
d) Creatine phosphate
Answer: d) Creatine phosphate
Which part of the nervous system stimulates skeletal muscle contraction?
a) Autonomic nervous system
b) Somatic nervous system
c) Central nervous system
d) Peripheral nervous system
Answer: b) Somatic nervous system
What type of muscle contraction involves the muscle lengthening while generating force?
a) Concentric contraction
b) Eccentric contraction
c) Isometric contraction
d) Isotonic contraction
Answer: b) Eccentric contraction
Which muscle is responsible for the movement of the forearm during a bicep curl?
a) Triceps brachii
b) Biceps brachii
c) Deltoid
d) Latissimus dorsi
Answer: b) Biceps brachii
What is the main characteristic of cardiac muscle?
a) Voluntary and striated
b) Involuntary and non-striated
c) Involuntary and striated
d) Voluntary and non-striated
Answer: c) Involuntary and striated
What structure connects muscles to bones?
a) Ligaments
b) Tendons
c) Cartilage
d) Fascia
Answer: b) Tendons
What is the term for a muscle’s ability to return to its original shape after contraction?
a) Elasticity
b) Extensibility
c) Excitability
d) Contractility
Answer: a) Elasticity
The “all-or-nothing” principle applies to which of the following?
a) Muscle fibers
b) Muscle groups
c) Tendons
d) Myofibrils
Answer: a) Muscle fibers
Which of the following is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?
a) Store calcium ions
b) Produce ATP
c) Transmit nerve impulses
d) Synthesize proteins
Answer: a) Store calcium ions
Which part of the muscle is the main energy reservoir for muscle contraction?
a) Mitochondria
b) Sarcomere
c) Myofibrils
d) Nucleus
Answer: a) Mitochondria
What is the role of troponin in muscle contraction?
a) Bind with calcium to uncover actin binding sites
b) Provide energy for muscle contraction
c) Block myosin binding to actin
d) Store calcium ions
Answer: a) Bind with calcium to uncover actin binding sites
Which muscle type is specialized for maintaining posture?
a) Smooth muscle
b) Skeletal muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) All muscle types
Answer: b) Skeletal muscle
Which of the following muscles is responsible for the movement of the jaw during chewing?
a) Masseter
b) Temporalis
c) Buccinator
d) Sternocleidomastoid
Answer: a) Masseter
The term “muscle tone” refers to:
a) The total strength of a muscle
b) The resting tension in a muscle
c) The degree of muscle contraction
d) The speed of muscle contraction
Answer: b) The resting tension in a muscle
What is the name of the sheath that surrounds a muscle fiber?
a) Endomysium
b) Perimysium
c) Epimysium
d) Fascia
Answer: a) Endomysium
Which of the following describes the structure of a muscle fascicle?
a) A group of muscle fibers surrounded by the endomysium
b) A group of myofibrils surrounded by the perimysium
c) A group of myofilaments surrounded by the epimysium
d) A group of muscle fibers surrounded by the perimysium
Answer: d) A group of muscle fibers surrounded by the perimysium
Which of the following statements about slow-twitch muscle fibers is true?
a) They are adapted for endurance activities.
b) They contract rapidly and fatigue quickly.
c) They have fewer mitochondria than fast-twitch fibers.
d) They are white in color.
Answer: a) They are adapted for endurance activities.
Which muscle action involves a decrease in the angle between two bones?
a) Extension
b) Flexion
c) Abduction
d) Rotation
Answer: b) Flexion
What is the energy source for prolonged muscle activity in aerobic conditions?
a) Creatine phosphate
b) Glucose
c) Fatty acids
d) ATP
Answer: c) Fatty acids
What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction?
a) Dopamine
b) Serotonin
c) Acetylcholine
d) Norepinephrine
Answer: c) Acetylcholine
Which of the following best describes an isometric contraction?
a) The muscle shortens during contraction
b) The muscle remains at a constant length during contraction
c) The muscle lengthens during contraction
d) The muscle does not contract at all
Answer: b) The muscle remains at a constant length during contraction
Which type of muscle fibers is used primarily during short bursts of intense activity?
a) Slow-twitch fibers
b) Fast-twitch fibers
c) Both types of fibers
d) Intermediate fibers
Answer: b) Fast-twitch fibers
What is the name of the protein that blocks the active sites on actin molecules when the muscle is at rest?
a) Tropomyosin
b) Troponin
c) Myosin
d) Titin
Answer: a) Tropomyosin
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