Sample Questions and Answers
- Who is considered the father of modern psychology?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Wilhelm Wundt
- c) John Watson
- d) Carl Rogers
Answer: b) Wilhelm Wundt
- Which approach to psychology emphasizes the study of observable behavior?
- a) Behaviorism
- b) Structuralism
- c) Functionalism
- d) Psychoanalysis
Answer: a) Behaviorism
- Who is associated with the theory of classical conditioning?
- a) Carl Rogers
- b) Sigmund Freud
- c) Ivan Pavlov
- d) John Watson
Answer: c) Ivan Pavlov
- What does the term “introspection” refer to in psychology?
- a) The study of unconscious processes
- b) The analysis of behavior
- c) The examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings
- d) The observation of others’ behavior
Answer: c) The examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings
- Who is considered the founder of functionalism in psychology?
- a) William James
- b) Edward Titchener
- c) John Dewey
- d) Sigmund Freud
Answer: a) William James
- The famous experiment with the “little Albert” is associated with which psychologist?
- a) B.F. Skinner
- b) John Watson
- c) Sigmund Freud
- d) Albert Bandura
Answer: b) John Watson
- Which early school of psychology focused on the structure of the mind?
- a) Functionalism
- b) Behaviorism
- c) Structuralism
- d) Gestalt psychology
Answer: c) Structuralism
- Who developed the theory of psychoanalysis?
- a) B.F. Skinner
- b) Sigmund Freud
- c) Carl Jung
- d) Abraham Maslow
Answer: b) Sigmund Freud
- What was the primary focus of Gestalt psychology?
- a) Understanding behavior through reinforcement
- b) The role of the unconscious mind
- c) The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- d) The use of introspection
Answer: c) The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- Which psychologist is known for developing operant conditioning?
- a) Carl Rogers
- b) Ivan Pavlov
- c) B.F. Skinner
- d) Sigmund Freud
Answer: c) B.F. Skinner
- The term “tabula rasa,” meaning a blank slate, was introduced by which philosopher?
- a) Immanuel Kant
- b) John Locke
- c) René Descartes
- d) Sigmund Freud
Answer: b) John Locke
- Which early school of thought was founded by William Wundt and focused on the study of the mind’s structure?
- a) Behaviorism
- b) Functionalism
- c) Structuralism
- d) Psychoanalysis
Answer: c) Structuralism
- Which psychologist introduced the concept of the collective unconscious?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Carl Jung
- c) Erik Erikson
- d) Abraham Maslow
Answer: b) Carl Jung
- Which psychologist emphasized the importance of self-actualization?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Carl Rogers
- c) Abraham Maslow
- d) William James
Answer: c) Abraham Maslow
- What concept did Jean Piaget study extensively in children?
- a) Conditioning
- b) Cognitive development
- c) Unconscious desires
- d) Personality traits
Answer: b) Cognitive development
- Who is known for the study of operant conditioning?
- a) John Watson
- b) B.F. Skinner
- c) Carl Rogers
- d) Albert Bandura
Answer: b) B.F. Skinner
- Which psychological theory focuses on the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences?
- a) Behaviorism
- b) Cognitive psychology
- c) Psychoanalysis
- d) Humanism
Answer: c) Psychoanalysis
- Who is credited with founding behaviorism?
- a) John Watson
- b) Carl Rogers
- c) Sigmund Freud
- d) B.F. Skinner
Answer: a) John Watson
- Which theory emphasizes the idea that behavior is shaped by the environment?
- a) Cognitive theory
- b) Behaviorism
- c) Psychoanalysis
- d) Humanistic theory
Answer: b) Behaviorism
- Which concept is central to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- a) Self-actualization
- b) Unconscious desires
- c) Classical conditioning
- d) Reflexes
Answer: a) Self-actualization
- Who developed the first psychological laboratory?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Carl Rogers
- c) William Wundt
- d) John Watson
Answer: c) William Wundt
- What term refers to the process of reinforcing successive approximations of a behavior?
- a) Shaping
- b) Classical conditioning
- c) Observational learning
- d) Latent learning
Answer: a) Shaping
- Which psychologist emphasized that children actively construct their understanding of the world?
- a) Erik Erikson
- b) Jean Piaget
- c) Carl Rogers
- d) John Bowlby
Answer: b) Jean Piaget
- What did B.F. Skinner’s work primarily focus on?
- a) Psychoanalysis
- b) Cognitive processes
- c) Operant conditioning
- d) Classical conditioning
Answer: c) Operant conditioning
- What was Sigmund Freud’s main theory about the human mind?
- a) Behavior is learned through association
- b) Behavior is influenced by unconscious drives
- c) Behavior is influenced by cognitive processes
- d) Behavior is shaped by social interactions
Answer: b) Behavior is influenced by unconscious drives
- Which theory focuses on mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem-solving?
- a) Humanism
- b) Behaviorism
- c) Cognitive psychology
- d) Psychoanalysis
Answer: c) Cognitive psychology
- Which early psychologist is associated with the development of intelligence testing?
- a) Carl Rogers
- b) Alfred Binet
- c) John Watson
- d) Jean Piaget
Answer: b) Alfred Binet
- Who is associated with the theory of social learning?
- a) Albert Bandura
- b) B.F. Skinner
- c) Sigmund Freud
- d) Erik Erikson
Answer: a) Albert Bandura
- What is the main idea behind Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- a) People are primarily motivated by unconscious desires
- b) People act based on learned behaviors
- c) People strive for self-actualization through fulfilling basic needs
- d) People are born with a blank slate and are shaped by their environment
Answer: c) People strive for self-actualization through fulfilling basic needs
- Which school of psychology was founded by Carl Rogers?
- a) Gestalt psychology
- b) Psychoanalysis
- c) Humanistic psychology
- d) Cognitive psychology
Answer: c) Humanistic psychology
- Which researcher is known for his work on conditioned reflexes and classical conditioning?
- a) Carl Rogers
- b) Sigmund Freud
- c) Ivan Pavlov
- d) B.F. Skinner
Answer: c) Ivan Pavlov
- Which term refers to the learning process that occurs through observing others?
- a) Operant conditioning
- b) Social learning
- c) Classical conditioning
- d) Cognitive dissonance
Answer: b) Social learning
- Which psychologist developed the theory of psychosocial development in eight stages?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Erik Erikson
- c) Carl Jung
- d) John Bowlby
Answer: b) Erik Erikson
- Which concept is central to Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality?
- a) The collective unconscious
- b) The id, ego, and superego
- c) The hierarchy of needs
- d) The stages of cognitive development
Answer: b) The id, ego, and superego
- Who is known for the study of personality and the development of the theory of individual psychology?
- a) Sigmund Freud
- b) Carl Rogers
- c) Alfred Adler
- d) Abraham Maslow
Answer: c) Alfred Adler
- What is the focus of humanistic psychology?
- a) Behavior change through reinforcement
- b) Understanding the unconscious mind
- c) Personal growth and self-actualization
- d) The study of observable behavior
Answer: c) Personal growth and self-actualization
- Which psychological theory emphasizes the role of the unconscious in shaping behavior?
- a) Cognitive psychology
- b) Behaviorism
- c) Psychoanalysis
- d) Humanistic psychology
Answer: c) Psychoanalysis
- Which psychologist is best known for his work on cognitive development in children?
- a) Carl Rogers
- b) John Watson
- c) Jean Piaget
- d) Sigmund Freud
Answer: c) Jean Piaget
- Who developed the first systematic theory of personality?
- a) Carl Jung
- b) Alfred Adler
- c) Sigmund Freud
- d) Erik Erikson
Answer: c) Sigmund Freud
- Which philosopher influenced the development of behaviorism?
- a) Aristotle
- b) John Locke
- c) René Descartes
- d) Immanuel Kant
Answer: b) John Locke
- Which concept was central to William James’ functionalism?
- a) The study of consciousness
- b) The study of behavior
- c) The study of mental disorders
- d) The study of the unconscious mind
Answer: a) The study of consciousness
- Which field of psychology focuses on the study of mental processes such as perception and memory?
- a) Behaviorism
- b) Cognitive psychology
- c) Psychoanalysis
- d) Humanistic psychology
Answer: b) Cognitive psychology
- Who was the first female president of the American Psychological Association?
- a) Margaret Floy Washburn
- b) Mary Whiton Calkins
- c) Leta Stetter Hollingworth
- d) Karen Horney
Answer: b) Mary Whiton Calkins
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